For every student, writing a report is an everyday job. Students and scholars need to prepare reports for different subjects. While writing a report students need to communicate their knowledge and ideas about set of actions to the readers. Thus, the main focus while writing a report is given on communication. At the time of drafting any report, the writer is advised to "write to express, not impress". Writing academically means writing in such a way that your information sounds credible and authoritative. Writing report does not mean using long words or writing complicated and long sentences with lots of semi-colons and colons. Here are some of the suggestions that must be taken care of by the students while writing their academic report:
Be Objective: The student must report what he or she has found or what evidence tells even if it is not what the student or scholar has hoped to find. Personal opinions and unsupported views are a strict no-no for any report. Instead, one must take a balanced view.
Be Accurate: Next in the line is to be accurate. Students and scholars must give their clear and non-subjective description, for example light red looks better than blood red. In addition to this, one must use definite figures such as after half an hour or 55 percent of the participants. One must try to avoid vague or ambiguous terms like 'most of the participants' and 'a long period of time'.
Be Direct: While writing a report students and scholars must put emphasis on a stronger verb, so that readers can understand the important points. One must not leave the sentence in which the readers have to work out in understanding what the writer is trying to convey. For example 'the results were analyzed' looks good instead of 'an analysis was performed on the results'.
Be Critical: One has to be critical while writing a report. It is necessary to critically evaluate your own work as well as that of others. If the writer thinks that something could have been done in a better manner if it had been done differently, then the writer must have that much confidence in his or her report writing.
Be Appropriate: Finally, the writer needs to identify the purpose behind preparing and communicating the report and in addition to this; the writer must also identify the targeted audience. Make them understand your work by imparting as much knowledge and information as you can through your work.
Here are the seven must have in report writing format:
A title page and table of content: The first page of the report must be a title page having the title of the report pertaining to the subject. The Writer can put some good images and high quality pictures relevant to the topic on the cover page. After covering a page of table of content must be inserted. It should be computer generated and not the manually designed.
Abstract / Executive Summary: Although this section is written at the last, that is, after performing the entire study and writing conclusion and recommendations, but this page is added just after the title page and before table of content. This section includes succinct and accurate summary of the main features.
Introduction: Next in the sequence is one of the most important parts of the report, that is, introduction. This section gives a preliminary idea to the readers about the content discussed in the entire report. This chapter highlights summary of various chapters included in the report.
Literature Review: Once the writer has done with the introduction, next is the literature review. In this writer explain or expand on the purpose of the research. In includes what questions are you seeking to answer, how did they arise, why are they worth investigating? This helps in interpreting and analyzing the findings.
Discussion: Once all the research questions have been identified, the writer will see how the present work will contribute to the answers and what kind of answers they point to, this must be written in the early stages so that writer has ample of time in filling the gaps is any in the later stages of the process.
Conclusion and Recommendations: The penultimate point is writing a conclusion and recommendations. This should logically follow from the discussion. A Writer must write the conclusion and recommendations in clear and simple language so that anyone can understand them.
References and Appendix: The last but certainly not the least in the report format is References, Bibliography and Appendix. As writer needs to reference the entire work, the references are put at the last so that anybody can read them and can also refer to the same. In addition to this, some of the supportive content is included under the heading appendix so that readers can easily understand what the writer wants to deliver.
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Be Objective: The student must report what he or she has found or what evidence tells even if it is not what the student or scholar has hoped to find. Personal opinions and unsupported views are a strict no-no for any report. Instead, one must take a balanced view.
Be Accurate: Next in the line is to be accurate. Students and scholars must give their clear and non-subjective description, for example light red looks better than blood red. In addition to this, one must use definite figures such as after half an hour or 55 percent of the participants. One must try to avoid vague or ambiguous terms like 'most of the participants' and 'a long period of time'.
Be Direct: While writing a report students and scholars must put emphasis on a stronger verb, so that readers can understand the important points. One must not leave the sentence in which the readers have to work out in understanding what the writer is trying to convey. For example 'the results were analyzed' looks good instead of 'an analysis was performed on the results'.
Be Critical: One has to be critical while writing a report. It is necessary to critically evaluate your own work as well as that of others. If the writer thinks that something could have been done in a better manner if it had been done differently, then the writer must have that much confidence in his or her report writing.
Be Appropriate: Finally, the writer needs to identify the purpose behind preparing and communicating the report and in addition to this; the writer must also identify the targeted audience. Make them understand your work by imparting as much knowledge and information as you can through your work.
Here are the seven must have in report writing format:
A title page and table of content: The first page of the report must be a title page having the title of the report pertaining to the subject. The Writer can put some good images and high quality pictures relevant to the topic on the cover page. After covering a page of table of content must be inserted. It should be computer generated and not the manually designed.
Abstract / Executive Summary: Although this section is written at the last, that is, after performing the entire study and writing conclusion and recommendations, but this page is added just after the title page and before table of content. This section includes succinct and accurate summary of the main features.
Introduction: Next in the sequence is one of the most important parts of the report, that is, introduction. This section gives a preliminary idea to the readers about the content discussed in the entire report. This chapter highlights summary of various chapters included in the report.
Literature Review: Once the writer has done with the introduction, next is the literature review. In this writer explain or expand on the purpose of the research. In includes what questions are you seeking to answer, how did they arise, why are they worth investigating? This helps in interpreting and analyzing the findings.
Discussion: Once all the research questions have been identified, the writer will see how the present work will contribute to the answers and what kind of answers they point to, this must be written in the early stages so that writer has ample of time in filling the gaps is any in the later stages of the process.
Conclusion and Recommendations: The penultimate point is writing a conclusion and recommendations. This should logically follow from the discussion. A Writer must write the conclusion and recommendations in clear and simple language so that anyone can understand them.
References and Appendix: The last but certainly not the least in the report format is References, Bibliography and Appendix. As writer needs to reference the entire work, the references are put at the last so that anybody can read them and can also refer to the same. In addition to this, some of the supportive content is included under the heading appendix so that readers can easily understand what the writer wants to deliver.
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